Youth and university students' health in Bishkek, the capital of the Kyrgyz Republic

Relevance. Bishkek, the capital of the Kyrgyz Republic, is not only an economic, but also an innovative center for managing and responding to medical, demographic, hygienic and epidemiological processes. Urbanization, climate change, and the level of socio-economic well-being of the population have a significant impact on the health of residents, especially young people. The identification of factors determining the quality of life and education of university students is important both for the formation of a healthy lifestyle and for planning effective educational and urban strategies in the social sphere.

The purpose of the study: to assess the health of 18–25-year-olds living and studying in a megalopolis in 2020–2022.

Materials and methods. The data of the National Statistical Committee of the Kyrgyz Republic and the results of three population censuses were used: 1999, 2009 and 2022. The morbidity rate for 2020–2022 was studied according to the statistical information of the Electronic Health Center of the Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic. Analytical and statistical methods were used.

Results. The analysis showed that the population of Bishkek as a whole is growing, but the proportion of young people aged 18–25 is decreasing (by 10.5–12.5%). The incidence rates are increasing for all classes of diseases, with five priority classes accounting for 82.4% of the total incidence of the urban population. The relationship between housing conditions, living in an urban environment and the health status of students has been revealed.

Conclusion. The study shows the need to introduce mechanisms for assessing the health index of megalopolis residents, taking into account demographic and environmental characteristics. To improve the quality of life and health of young people, it is necessary to develop and implement innovative programs for the formation of health-saving behavior. An integrated approach to planning the urban environment and the educational process for students in the capital of the Kyrgyz state is required.

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